Elias Metral, "BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS (1/3), Sala Fiore (Dip. di Fisica - Edificio G. Marconi)
27/09/2021
Prima lezione del corso su BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS tenuto nell’anno 2021.
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Elias Metral, "BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS (2/3), Sala Fiore (Dip. di Fisica - Edificio G. Marconi)
28/09/2021
Seconda lezione del corso su BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS tenuto nell’anno 2021.
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Elias Metral, "BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS (3/3), Sala Fiore (Dip. di Fisica - Edificio G. Marconi),
29/09/2021
Terza ed ultima lezione del corso su BEAM INSTABILITIES IN CIRCULAR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS tenuto nell’anno 2021.
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Luca Serafini, “A new paradigm for a muon collider based on electron-photon collisions”,
01/10/2021
Why generate muon beams using X-ray photons? Advanced X-ray FELs are capable to achieve brilliances that outrun any other particle beam. Therefore the marriage between X-ray FELs and Energy Recovery Linacs (ERL) carries a potential to attain luminosity levels, in an electron-photon collider, that exceed 1040 cm-2 s-1. We studied this new paradigm for muon beam generation, named EXMP (Electrons and X-rays to Muon Pairs), which shows potentials of performances compatible with the requests of muon colliders. In particular, since the primary collision (e-hν) occurs in vacuum, extremely high phase space densities can be achieved, with extremely small normalised emittances of the muon beam, down in the nm.rad range, with average fluxes up to 1011 muon pairs per second. A possible scenario for GeV muon beam generation, prompt acceleration to TeV energy range and power budget analysis is illustrated, underlying unique properties of the EXMP paradigm, like the capability to generate polarised muon beams.
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Enrica Chiadroni, “Progress Towards the realization of a Plasma Based FEL”
12/11/2021
Plasma-based technology promises a revolution in the field of particle accelerators by pushing beams to gigaelectronvolt energies within centimeter distances and enabling the realization of ultra-compact facilities for user applications like Free-Electron Lasers (FEL). The progress towards a plasma based FEL user facility is here reported, with particular focus on the recent results about the first experimental evidence of FEL lasing by a compact (3 cm) particle beam-driven plasma accelerator at the SPARC_LAB test facility.
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Alessio Galatà, “THE ROLE OF INFN IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND MODELING OF ECR ION SOURCES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS: HISTORICAL REVIEW, STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES
10/12/2021
Highly charged heavy ion beams are widely used in several accelerator-based facilities to perform advanced research in nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics as well as applied research. They also find application in the post-acceleration of radioactive beams, allowed by the so-called charge breeders employed in ISOL facilities like SPES at INFN-LNL, or for fundamental studies about nuclear decays in stellar like conditions, as expected in the PANDORA project. The common denominator of most of the abovementioned facilities is the employment of ECR ion sources, producing multiple ionizations in magnetically confined plasmas. INFN has been playing a leading role in the development and modelling of such devices for many years, proposing innovative experimental approaches to boost their performances and obtaining an unprecedented detailed numerical description of the physical processes underlying their operations. The different fields of application that took benefit from the above-mentioned activity will be described, together with a look at prospects.
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G. A. P. Cirrone, “Ion acceleration by laser-matter interaction: status and perspective with the upcoming I-LUCE facility at INFN-LNS”
14/01/2022
“High-energy particle accelerators driven by a radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic field, are among the largest and most complex facilities built on Earth. Currently, the largest RF-driven accelerator is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, which accelerates protons to multi-TeV energies (1 TeV = 10E12 eV) in a 27-km high-vacuum ring. One of the main reasons for the enormous size of the accelerator is a limit on the acceleration field strength, which is about 1 MV/cm. Due to this limit, to accelerate ions/protons to multi-GeV or TeV energies, the acceleration path has to be very long, meaning that the accelerator has to be very large.
One potential alternative, or at least an important supplement to the RF-driven ion accelerators, seems to be ion accelerators driven by an intense laser beam.
The accelerator consists of a short-pulse high-intensity laser and a target, e.g. thin foil, placed in a vacuum chamber. The laser beam interacting with the target produces plasma, in which electrons are partly separated from ions by the action of the laser field. Between the layer of electrons and the ions, a very strong electric field is produced. This field pulls the ions, which follow the moving electron layer. The field strength can reach extremely high values (up to tens or even hundreds GeV/cm) and, as a result, the ions can be accelerated to high energies over sub-mm distances, by many orders of magnitude shorter than required in conventional RF-driven accelerators. In this way, the laser-driven accelerator can potentially be much smaller and less complex than conventional ones. Furthermore, since the laser accelerated ion bunch is very dense and compact, the ion beam intensities/powers can be very high, and the time duration of the ion pulse can be very short. Such ion beams have the potential to be used in various branches of science, technology and medicine, and can significantly extend the current scope of ion beam applications. In this talk, a brief review of recent research and potential use of laser-driven ion acceleration in the fundamental and applied science, will be discussed. The activities carried out in this field by INFN, dated back to 15 years ago, will be critically presented and the perspectives of the new high-power laser “I-LUCE” (INFN Laser indUced radiation acCEleration) facility that will be realized at INFN-LNS will be presented.
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Luca Serafini, “Sorgenti Thomson/Compton e collisori fotonici (1/4)”, Sala Direzione INFN (Sezione di Roma)
10/02/2022
Prima lezione del corso su Sorgenti Thomson/Compton e collisori fotonici tenuto nell’anno 2022.
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Luigi Palumbo, “SAFEST project, a VHEE Linac for Flash radiotherapy”
11/02/2022
Cancer is a critical global health issue of the world society. Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the principal tools used for the treatment of cancer. The conventional radiotherapy, typically with X-rays, is delivered over several weeks in order to give the necessary dose for the cancer cure and limit at the best the damage to the healthy tissues caused by the ionization radiations. Radiotherapy with heavier charged particles, hadron therapy (HT), with protons and other ions species, like carbon, has also been developed and offers several advantages over the classical RT with X-rays as they deposit most of their energy at the end of their range and the particle beam can be shaped with great precision. Radio-Therapy with electrons have historically been used at low energy (low-energy electron LEE) to treat cancer but mostly for the treatment of superficial tumors given their very limited penetration depth.
The Flash therapy is a new promising technique where the necessary therapeutic dose is released in fraction of a second and the mean dose rate is much higher than the conventional irradiation. With this treatment the healthy tissues result to be partially preserved from the damage of the ionization radiation while the efficiency in the tumor cure remains unchanged, offering new opportunity to cancer treatment plans.
More recently, the idea of investigating the use of very high-energy (50-200 MeV) electron (VHEE) beams for RT has gained interest worldwide. The main advantages of VHEE beams over photons are related to the fact that small diameter VHEE beams can be scanned and focused easily, producing finer resolution for intensity modulated treatments than photon beams, and accelerators may be constructed at significantly lower cost compared to the current installations required for protons beams. In addition, VHEE beam can operate at very high dose rate compatible with the FLASH regime that can change dramatically the future scenario of the radiotherapy. To investigate how well VHEE can meet the current assumptions and become a clinical reality, a research effort based on accelerator technology as well as radiobiological and pre-clinical studies is needed.
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Luca Serafini, “Sorgenti Thomson/Compton e collisori fotonici (2/4)”, Sala Direzione INFN (Sezione di Roma)
11/02/2022
Seconda lezione del corso su Sorgenti Thomson/Compton e collisori fotonici tenuto nell’anno 2022.
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