ANTONIO DI SABATO

Dottore di ricerca

ciclo: XXXV


supervisore: Patrizia Gentili

Titolo della tesi: Photoexcitation of Aldehyde Derivatives to Access Chiral Added Value Products

A renewed interest is recently experienced in synthetic photochemical processes thanks to the availability of different light sources and, above all, for they extraordinary potential for the sustainable preparation of chiral molecules. The short-lived electronically excited states generated by photostimulation of organic compounds, indeed, can resort to a manifold variety of mechanism reactions that are not available to conventional thermal pathways. In this thesis work, photostimulation of aldehyde derivatives are used for diastereoselective synthesis of strain cyclobutane rings and for enantioselective remote perfluoroalkylation. The cyclobutanol motif is of interest in organic synthesis as a prochiral unit, it is present in natural products and has been used as an intermediate in the total synthesis of some sesterpenoids. In medicinal chemistry, the established benefit of fluorine-containing fragments relies on their ability to alter the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of organic compounds. These aspects explain the importance of developing novel methods for the stereoselective incorporation of trifluoromethyl (CF3) and perfluoroalkyl (RF) units within organic molecules. However, only a few strategies are available for the installation of perfluoroalkyl-containing stereogenic centres. In the main part of the work, an efficient diastereoselective synthesis of cyclobutanol oximes (CBOs) has been achieved via Norrish-Yang photoisomerization of several 2-(hydroxyimino)-aldehydes (R1R2CHC(=NOH)CHO, HIAs) under LED UV light irradiation: The Norrish-Yang reaction is a photo-activated transformation of carbonyl compounds that leads to the formation of cyclobutanols, the only requirement being the presence of a -H in the substrate. The n-π* transition of a carbonyl group can lead, via intramolecular hydrogen abstraction, to the generation of an excited 1,4-biradical triplet state which then undergoes either a Norrish-type II fragmentation reaction or a Norrish-Yang cyclization with the formation of cyclobutanols. The synthetic methodology is generally applicable to a series of HIAs, affording the corresponding cyclobutanol oximes (CBOs) chemoselectively (i.e. without sizable fragmentation side-reactions), diastereoselectively (up to >99:1) and in good to excellent yields (up to 95%). CBO oxime ether derivatives can be purified and diastereomers isolated by standard column chromatography. Being the CBO moiety a confined small ring with many functional groups in proximal vicinity, the spectroscopic determination of the relative configuration of the obtained compounds was a key challenge. The assignment of cis/trans ring signals was determined by combination of spin-decoupled 1H, 13C, HSQC, and NOESY NMR spectroscopy. A detailed investigation combining experimental results, molecular dynamics calculations, spectroscopic data and DFT calculations was undertaken to complete the mechanistic and stereochemical picture of this photocyclization reaction. Moreover, molecular dynamics and NMR analyses were combined to study the observed post-cyclization E/Z isomerization of the CBO oxime double bond. In the second part of the work, carried out at Institut Català d'Investigació Química -ICIQ (Tarragona, Spain), a photochemical procedure for the asymmetric introduction of CF3 and perfluoroalkyl groups at the remote γ position of α-branched enals has been developed: Mechanistic investigations suggest that the stereocontrolled radical perfluoroalkylation of enals at the γ-carbon relies on the excitation of an electron donor acceptor EDA complex between the catalytic dienamine and the perfluoroalkyl iodide. Irradiation of the EDA complex by a blue light LED generates via a single electron transfer, the perfluoroalkyl radical. This radical is then intercepted by the chiral dienamine, in a regio- and stereoselective fashion affording the desired product. All perfluoroalkylated enals are obtained with complete γ-regioselectivity, good enantiomeric ratio (up to 93:7), and in good yield (up to 70%), depending on the structure of catalyst, enals and perfluoroalkyl iodides.

Produzione scientifica

11573/1718912 - 2024 - Selective Interaction of Chiral Carbon Dots with Nucleic Acids: A Promising Nanosensing Platform
Vitagliano, Chiara Maria; Camilli, Alessandro; Moldoveanu, Vyali Georgian; Di Sabato, Antonio; Feroci, Marta; Sturabotti, Elisa; Scognamiglio, Viviana; Leonelli, Francesca; Masi, Annalisa; Vetica, Fabrizio - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmBH:PO Box 101161, D 69451 Weinheim Germany:011 49 6201 606147, EMAIL: service@wiley-vch.de, INTERNET: http://www.wiley-vch.de, Fax: 011 49 6201 606328) pp. 1-8 - issn: 0947-6539 - wos: WOS:001344153700001 (0) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85207572930 (0)

11573/1711106 - 2023 - Enantioselective catalytic remote perfluoroalkylation of α-branched enals driven by light
Balletti, Matteo; Wachsmuth, Tommy; Di Sabato, Antonio; Hartley, Will C.; Melchiorre, Paolo - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: CHEMICAL SCIENCE (Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry) pp. 4923-4927 - issn: 2041-6539 - wos: WOS:000971827700001 (9) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85153531196 (9)

11573/1656147 - 2022 - Unusually chemoselective photocyclization of 2-(hydroxyimino)aldehydes to cyclobutanol oximes. synthetic, stereochemical, and mechanistic aspects
Di Sabato, Antonio; D’Acunzo, Francesca; Filippini, Dario; Vetica, Fabrizio; Brasiello, Antonio; Corinti, Davide; Bodo, Enrico; Michenzi, Cinzia; Panzetta, Edoardo; Gentili, Patrizia - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ([Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society) pp. 13803-13818 - issn: 0022-3263 - wos: WOS:000869762700001 (2) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85139927783 (2)

11573/1651295 - 2022 - Stereoselective synthesis of spiro-decalin oxindole derivatives via sequential organocatalytic Michael–domino Michael/aldol reaction
Straminelli, Leonardo; Vicentini, Francesco; Di Sabato, Antonio; Montone, Carmela Maria; Cavaliere, Chiara; Rissanen, Kari; Leonelli, Francesca; Vetica, Fabrizio - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ([Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society) pp. 10454-10461 - issn: 0022-3263 - wos: WOS:000833923300001 (5) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85135940107 (6)

11573/1679629 - 2022 - Sustainable approaches for asymmetric synthesis – from domino reactions to Chiral Carbon Dots as nano-organocatalysts
Vetica, F.; Vicentini, F.; Bogles, I. I.; Di Sabato, A.; Bortolami, M.; Leonelli, F.; Feroci, M. - 04d Abstract in atti di convegno
congresso: CDCO2022 - XL Convegno Nazionale della Divisione di Chimica Organica della Società Chimica Italiana (Palermo)
libro: CDCO2022 - XL Convegno Nazionale della Divisione di Chimica Organica della Società Chimica Italiana - ()

11573/1479206 - 2021 - Click-connected 2-(hydroxyimino)aldehydes for the design of UV-responsive functional molecules
D’Acunzo, Francesca; Carbonaro, Linda; Dalla Cort, Antonella; Di Sabato, Antonio; Filippini, Dario; Leonelli, Francesca; Mancini, Laura; Gentili, Patrizia - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Weinheim : Wiley-VCH-Verl.) pp. 289-294 - issn: 1099-0690 - wos: WOS:000599080600001 (3) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85097551017 (3)

11573/1283487 - 2019 - Organocatalytic synthesis of benzazetidines by trapping hemiaminals with protecting groups
Salvio, R.; Placidi, S.; Sinibaldi, A.; Di Sabato, A.; Buscemi, D. C.; Rossi, A.; Antenucci, A.; Malkov, A.; Bella, M. - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ([Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society) pp. 7395-7404 - issn: 0022-3263 - wos: WOS:000471212000078 (6) - scopus: 2-s2.0-85066412313 (7)

11573/1340230 - 2017 - Quinine-catalyzed addition of naphthols to benzoquinones: a metal-free synthesis of new BINOL-like compounds under mild reaction conditions
Antenucci, Achille; Bella, Marco; Cari, Riccardo; Di Sabato, Antonio; Moliterno, Mauro; Moretti, Erica; Puglisi, Antonio; Salvio, Riccardo; Sperandio, Celine - 04d Abstract in atti di convegno
congresso: 15th International Congress of Young Chemists “YoungChem2017”, Hotel Victoria, Lublin (Poland) (Lublin; Poland)
libro: YoungChem2017 - ()

11573/1340216 - 2016 - Sintesi enantioselettiva di sistemi biarilici senza l'impiego di metalli di transizione
Antenucci, Achille; Bella, Marco; Riccardo, Cari; Di Sabato, Antonio; Moliterno, Mauro; Moretti, Erica; Puglisi, Antonio; Salvio, Riccardo; Celine, Sperandio - 04d Abstract in atti di convegno
congresso: VII Convegno Giovani Ricercatori (Rome, Italy)
libro: VII Convegno Giovani Ricercatori - ()

11573/867362 - 2016 - Quinine-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of 2,2’-binaphthol-type biaryls under mild reaction conditions
Moliterno, Mauro; Cari, Riccardo; Puglisi, Antonio; Antenucci, Achille; Sperandio, Cèline; Moretti, Erica; Sabato, Antonio Di; Salvio, Riccardo; Bella, Marco - 01a Articolo in rivista
rivista: ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (Weinheim: Wiley-VCH-Verl..) pp. 6525-6529 - issn: 1521-3773 - wos: WOS:000377921200030 (115) - scopus: 2-s2.0-84969593708 (125)

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