Thesis title: Modelling, simulation and analysis of the electrical distribution system of a nuclear fusion reactor and its connection to the grid
Nuclear fusion represents an attractive and sustainable source of clean energy for the future.
However, its successful implementation relies heavily on a robust and efficiently managed
electrical distribution network. This thesis explores the development of simulation models
for analyzing such a network supporting a nuclear fusion reactor. The research, conducted
between 2020 and 2023, focuses on assessing network connectivity, potential impacts, and
safety aspects during operation.
Advanced simulation tools like PowerFactory were employed to model and verify the
proposed distribution network design, ensuring its efficiency and reliability. The thesis
addresses both the technical intricacies of the design and the paramount importance of
operational safety. By modeling various operational scenarios and their implications, this
research contributes valuable insights towards achieving a safe and efficient nuclear fusion
energy distribution network.
The context of this research is framed within the ambitious nuclear fusion project,
requiring significant resources for large-scale power generation. The EUROfusion Roadmap
outlines a strategic path for pursuing fusion energy in Europe, with key milestones like
ITER (completion by 2030) and DEMO projects. These international collaborations aim to
demonstrate the feasibility and safety of nuclear fusion for electricity production.
This thesis specifically focuses on modeling the electrical distribution network for a
nuclear fusion power plant, with a view towards ensuring the safety and feasibility of design
choices for projects like DTT and DEMO. The research delves into various aspects, including
socioeconomic considerations, nuclear physics, tokamak operation, and simulation model
development for the electrical distribution system. Dedicated chapters explore these topics
in detail.
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the socioeconomic implications of nuclear fusion
exploitation for electricity generation, together with the fundamental physics behind the
process. An introduction of the technologies developed so far is also given, with a particular
focus on tokamak devices.
Chapter 2 delves with the requirements of a Nuclear Fusion Power Plant (NFPP) both
in terms of the necessary component systems and in terms of standards and regulations
governing its operations.
Chapter 3 centers on optimizing the design of a nuclear fusion facility’s internal electrical
distribution network. To achieve this goal, simulation models were developed and applied to
analyze various aspects across two case studies. The analyses included preliminary design,
sizing, operation analysis, and progress in the design of the electrical distribution system for
the DTT project. Additionally, a Probabilistic Power Flow (PPF) analysis is employed to
define and quantify the uncertainties associated with power demand and absorption within
the DEMO plant’s electrical grid.
Conclusions are reported in Chapter 4.
The publications related to the work carried out during the PhD course can be found in
the references.